The Path to Superintelligence
A timeline of AI development from 1960 to 2030.
Superintelligence (ASI)
AGI
Emerging AGI
Narrow AI (ANI)
1961: Unimate
The first industrial robot begins work at General Motors, performing repetitive tasks.
1966: ELIZA
An early natural language processing program that simulated conversation with a psychotherapist.
1979: Stanford Cart
Successfully navigates a chair-filled room autonomously, a key step in computer vision and robotics.
1986: Backpropagation
The backpropagation algorithm is popularized, enabling the training of multi-layered neural networks.
1997: Deep Blue
IBM's chess computer defeats world champion Garry Kasparov, a major symbolic AI victory.
2011: IBM Watson
Watson wins the quiz show Jeopardy!, showcasing advanced natural language understanding.
2016: AlphaGo
DeepMind's AlphaGo defeats world Go champion Lee Sedol, a significant leap in complex strategy AI.
2022: Generative AI Boom
Models like ChatGPT and DALL-E 2 become public, marking the start of the "Emerging AGI" era.
~2028: AGI Emergence?
Many experts predict the first systems with Artificial General Intelligence could appear around this time.